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Black Abolitionist Archive
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Title: John Sella Martin Speaker or author: Martin, J. Sella (John Sella), b. 1832 Newspaper or publication: Patriot Speech delivered before an English audience regarding the effects of the Civil War on the English economy. The speaker emphasized that slavery was "perpetual war, and was more cruel and immoral than any." He apologized to the British people for the disruption in cotton importation from the U.S. due to the fighting. Description of file(s): PDF 3 page, 651 word document (text and images) |
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Title: William Wells Brown Speaker or author: Brown, William Wells, 1814?-1884 Newspaper or publication: Pine and Palm The speaker described the turbulent history of Hayti in detail stressing the battles and triumphs of its military heroes. He stressed that those seeking to immigrate to Hayti would find it rich in natural resources, especially cotton and coffee, which offered competition to slave-grown produce in the U.S. [This speech is a continuation of speech 24115, published in the June 15, 1861 issue of the Pine and Palm.] Description of file(s): PDF 13 page, 3,436 word document (text and images) |
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Title: William Howard Day Speaker or author: Day, William Howard, d. 1900 Newspaper or publication: Presscopy -- Birmingham, England -- Public Libraryq The speaker presented an overview of the goals of the African Aid Society to help fugitive slaves who had escaped to Canada immigrate to Africa. He blamed the over-reliance on the economic value of cotton for continued slavery in the U.S. Description of file(s): PDF 1 page, 374 word document (text and image) |
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Subtitle: The Circular Calling upon Fugitives from Canada for West India Labours. Title: Provincial Freeman - July 1, 1854 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Provincial Freeman (1853 - 1859) The writer expresses his opinion of a circular he received calling for people of African descent living in Canada to work in the British West Indies. He believes this is another immigration scheme created by those who suppose these people are not smart enough to stay where they are. Description of file(s): four scanned, two columned, newspaper pages |
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Subtitle: No. 3. The Agricultural League. Title: Voice of the Fugitive - December 17, 1851 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Voice of the Fugitive (1851 - 1852) In order to undermine slavery, the writer suggests going elsewhere for goods like cotton, sugar, coffee, indigo and rice -- the mainstays of the southern economy under slave power. He suggests the Canadian market as the best resource for these products. Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns) |
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Subtitle: No. 1 Colored Emigration to Canada and the West Indies. Title: Voice of the Fugitive - November 19, 1851 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Voice of the Fugitive (1851 - 1852) The writer discusses immigration to Canada and the British West Indies by African Americans. He examines this subject from five perspectives: "commercial, agricultural, social, mental, and political." Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages |
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Subtitle: Slaveholding Apprehensions. Title: Voice of the Fugitive - December 3, 1851 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Voice of the Fugitive (1851 - 1852) The writer responds to an article published in a southern newspaper that encourages the southern states to unite to prevent the abolition of slavery. Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns) |
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Subtitle: Flax Cotton. Title: Voice of the Fugitive - July 30, 1851 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Voice of the Fugitive (1851 - 1852) With the introduction of Chevalier Claussen's new cotton processing for flax, the writer sees an opportunity for northern free labor (in terms of agricultural endeavors) to compete with southern cotton growers and finally put an end to the system of slavery. Description of file(s): two scanned newspaper pages (three columns) |
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Subtitle: Virginia Hospitality. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - May 11, 1861 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) Brief commentary on a story published in another newspaper regarding sailors, rescued from a wrecked ship, who were thrown into prison in Virginia and threatened with starvation if they didn't agree to fight for the South. The writer urges all African Americans to cooperate with the Northern forces in this fight for freedom. Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page |
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Subtitle: New York, April 6, 1861. Cottonocracy. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - April 6, 1861 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) Slave labor would not be necessary if not for the production of cotton, one of the most important products in the civilized world at this point. The threat of abolishing slavery, is perceived as including a threat of losing the cotton supply for many countries. The solution expressed by the writer is to create a system of free labor for the production of cotton. This will benefit not only the economic growth of the country but an entire race of people as well. Description of file(s): four scanned newspaper pages (seven columns) |
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Subtitle: The Rights of Human Nature. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - November 16, 1861 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer comments on a portion of a speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln to the Swedish Minister. This speech addresses the U.S.'s commitment to "maintain the rights of human nature, and the man of capacity for self-government." The writer wonders how this ties in with the current social status of African Americans, both free and enslaved. Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages |
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Subtitle: Secession. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - December 22, 1860 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer comments on the current political focus on secession, and the growing tension between the northern and southern states. Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page |
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Subtitle: "What shall be done with the Slaves?" Title: Weekly Anglo-African - November 23, 1861 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer considers two suggestions for dealing with the slaves once they are free men and women. Description of file(s): three scanned newspaper pages (five columns) |
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Subtitle: The Great Eastern. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - July 7, 1860 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer discusses possible uses for the Great Eastern ship that made its maiden voyage to America in June. The ship was originally built to take advantage of the increase in immigration to Australia. Description of file(s): one scanned, three columned, newspaper page |
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Subtitle: Mr. Horace Greeley's Dislikes. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - March 19, 1860 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer offers commentary on Horace Greeley's recent editorial in the New York Tribune in which he expresses his hatred for people of African descent. The writer points out that if Mr. Greeley feels this way then he must also hate all the progress the country has made. Without the help of those he has come to hate, this would not have been possible. Description of file(s): one scanned, three columned, newspaper page |
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Subtitle: Emancipation. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - April 5, 1862 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer points to several social and political events that signal the end of slavery. With the end of the war, emancipation must be included in the peace and change that follows. Description of file(s): two scanned, two columned, newspaper pages |
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Subtitle: The Key-Notes. Title: Weekly Anglo-African - May 11, 1861 Speaker or author: editor Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The writer provides an overview of a war meeting held in Boston. J. Sella Martin who presided over the meeting said that those African Americans who aren't willing to volunteer to fight for freedom should move to Hayti and raise cotton. Description of file(s): one scanned, two columned, newspaper page |
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Title: Henry Highland Garnet Speaker or author: Garnet, Henry Highland, 1815-1882 Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The speaker approves of the civilization goals of the African Aid Society that proposes to move black families from Canada to Africa. He believes this offers a postive way to improve the lives of all concerned, and provide England with a different source for cotton. Like many abolitionists, he believes that slavery is mainly continued in the U.S. based on the money made from the production of cotton. Description of file(s): PDF 6 page, 1,360 word document (text and images) |
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Title: John B. Smith Speaker or author: Smith, J. B. (John B.), Rev., fl. 1852-1863 Newspaper or publication: Weekly Anglo-African (1859 - 1862) The speaker gave a brief overview of the Boston Convention including a "controversy" between Henry Highland Garnet and George T. Downing. He said that the convention participants had agreed that they would remain in the U.S., their birth place. He also stressed the importance of cotton in continuing the system of slavery. Description of file(s): PDF 3 page, 532 word document (text and images) |
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Title: John Sella Martin Speaker or author: Martin, J. Sella (John Sella), b. 1832 Newspaper or publication: Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland Ohio -- Sella Martin Book The speaker traced in detail the benefits and the drawbacks of raising cotton. He stressed the value of the crop itself and its positive influence on the American economy. He linked this with the work of slaves who had given their health and lives to produce it. The remainder of the speech stressed the predicament that the emancipation of the slaves placed on those involved with cotton production. He also emphasized that the Negro was not inferior to the white race and he offered several examples to prove this. He believed the future of the production of cotton and other crops was with science not with "brute" man power. The idea of inferiority of one race was not a sound argument for slavery. He argued for the right of all human beings to be free. Description of file(s): PDF 13 page, 3,682 word document (text and images) |